班公湖—怒江缝合带西段昂龙岗日地区沙木罗组火山岩的岩石大地构造学研究     

雷传扬  唐菊兴  吴建亮  尹显科  刘文  王波  李威  袁华云  张伟  尹滔  裴亚伦 《地质论评》2019,65(3):573-588

班公湖—怒江缝合带作为青藏高原的主缝合带之一,其研究对班公湖—怒江特提斯洋的演化和造山带的研究具有重要意义。本文首次对该缝合带西段昂龙岗日地区沙木罗组火山岩进行系统的野外地质调查,并结合全岩地球化学分析,探讨火山岩的成因、构造环境及地球动力学背景。沙木罗组火山岩从底部至顶部共划分出3个火山喷发亚旋回,岩性为安山岩和安山质火山碎屑岩。地球化学分析表明3个亚旋回的火山岩均为钙碱性系列,LREE和不相容元素相对富集,而相对亏损HREE和Nb、P、Ti等高场强元素,具岛弧火山岩的地球化学特征。第一喷发亚旋回火山岩具典型的高镁安山岩特征,暗示是大洋板块俯冲作用的产物,从第一喷发亚旋回至第三喷发亚旋回构造环境由大洋岛弧过渡为大陆边缘弧,火山岩形成于大洋地壳向大陆地壳之下俯冲的背景,且洋壳初始俯冲的时间不晚于晚侏罗世末。岩浆起源于受俯冲板片流体交代的亏损地幔—弱富集地幔,来自俯冲板片的流体上升,引起上覆地幔楔物质发生部分熔融,形成幔源岩浆,在密度差的作用下幔源岩浆向上运移,底侵下地壳,引发下地壳物质发生部分熔融,并与之发生混合作用,形成了研究区火山岩的母岩浆,在岩浆源区或岩浆上升过程中遭受了地壳物质的混染作用,且岩浆演化以部分熔融作用为主,结合区域大地构造背景认为沙木罗组火山岩的形成与班公湖—怒江特提斯洋盆向北向羌塘地块之下俯冲关系密切,沙木罗组角度不整合覆盖在木嘎岗日岩群之上不能作为班公湖—怒江特提斯洋盘闭合的证据。  相似文献   

藏东吉塘变质杂岩体锆石U-Pb年龄、地球化学特征及其地质意义     

陈奇  王长明  杜斌  贺知成  祝佳萱  杨立飞  石康兴 《岩石学报》2019,35(5):1423-1446

藏东羌塘地块变质基底的时代归属和构造演化一直以来存在较大争议,沿龙木错-双湖缝合带东段出露的由酉西群和吉塘群组成的吉塘变质杂岩体成为解决这一问题的理想研究对象。本文对酉西群变质岩和吉塘群变质岩进行了系统的岩石学、岩相学、地球化学及锆石年代学研究。吉塘变质杂岩体的基底主要由中-新元古代的变沉积岩组成,其中酉西群岩性主要为云母绿泥钠长片岩,吉塘群则以黑云母二长片麻岩和黑云母斜长片麻岩为主,它们具有高Si O2、高Al2O3、富Fe OT、贫碱和贫钙的特征。微量元素均显示富集K、Rb、Th等大离子亲石元素(LILE),亏损Ti、Nb、Ta等高场强元素(HFSE),而Zr、Hf、Th、U等轻度富集则说明其源区更富集长英质组分而贫镁铁组分。碎屑锆石均为岩浆成因,年龄峰值范围为560～600Ma、808～865Ma、925～997Ma和1071～1119Ma,代表变质基底的年龄主要由泛非期和格林威尔造山期的构造-岩浆热事件所形成,在560Ma的沉积时代之前,源区可能发生有4次岩浆事件。地球化学特征和碎屑锆石组成指示酉西群和吉塘群原岩分别以泥砂质沉积岩和长英质粘土岩及砂砾岩等副变质岩为主。吉塘变质杂岩体所在的南羌塘地块与喜马拉雅地块和拉萨地块具有相近的物源区,故而认为南羌塘地块在中-新元古代期间可能属于冈瓦纳大陆的一部分。  相似文献   

滇西允沟岩组碎屑锆石年龄谱对相关地块亲缘性的约束     

赵林涛  李三忠  吕勇  林宇  刘永江  牟墩玲  廖家飞  潘明 《岩石学报》2019,35(9):2911-2925

滇西允沟岩组为一套低绿片岩相的泥质浅变质岩,岩性以云母石英片岩、云母石英千枚岩、云母片岩、细晶灰岩为主,局部夹硅质岩,一直以来被认为是前寒武纪变质基底的重要组成部分。其原岩以碎屑岩为主,含有部分灰岩、白云岩,是一套形成于特提斯洋被动大陆边缘的半深海-深海沉积物,因此,是研究特提斯洋构造演化的重要窗口。但是,对允沟岩组的形成时代至今仍存在较大争议,为此本文选取允沟岩组中的片岩进行了碎屑锆石U-Pb精确定年。分析结果表明,允沟岩组原岩沉积时代为新元古代晚期-寒武纪期间(551～491Ma),主要由新太古代、新元古代及少量古元古代碎屑物质组成。其中,大量太古宙晚期碎屑锆石表明其源区有太古宙基底的存在,而1749Ma这组碎屑锆石可能与哥伦比亚超大陆聚散有关,956Ma和848Ma这两组锆石记录的事件可能是对罗迪尼亚超大陆三阶段裂离事件的前两期的响应。此外,还含有少量泛非运动信息,但泛非运动对其源区的影响极其有限。结合前人研究成果和本文碎屑锆石年龄谱,显示允沟岩组形成于原特提斯洋的被动陆缘,与印度板块、南羌塘地块具有显著的亲缘性。  相似文献   

西藏班公湖—怒江缝合带中段东巧地幔橄榄岩岩石成因及构造环境分析          下载免费PDF全文

董玉飞  杨经绥  连东洋  熊发挥  赵慧  陈晓坚  李观龙  王天泽 《中国地质》2019,46(1):87-114

东巧蛇绿岩位于班公湖—怒江缝合带中段,根据地理位置特征并以强玛镇为中心将东巧岩体划分为东西两个岩体。其中西岩体相对面积较大,由地幔橄榄岩、枕状玄武岩、辉长辉绿岩等组成;而东岩体面积较小,仅含地幔橄榄岩部分,各个不同单元之间呈断层接触关系。对东巧地幔橄榄岩开展岩石学、矿物学及地球化学研究发现:(1)东巧地幔橄榄岩以方辉橄榄岩为主,纯橄岩所占比例较小,约15%。豆荚状铬铁矿主要呈条带浸染状赋存在厚层且延伸较远的纯橄岩中。(2)东巧地幔橄榄岩中单斜辉石含量小于3%,矿物地球化学和全岩地球化学特征显示其来源于尖晶石相地幔源区的部分熔融,且部分熔融程度较高,估算在22%～28%,高于深海地幔橄榄岩的部分熔融程度(10%～22%)。(3)东巧地幔橄榄岩中的副矿物铬尖晶石Cr#值较高大于60,全岩具有U型球粒陨石标准化稀土元素配分模式,同时Rb、U、Zr和Sr相对富集,Hf和Nb相对亏损。全岩的地球化学特征指示了俯冲带之上的残余地幔与流体/熔体发生了反应,致使轻稀土元素以及部分微量元素选择性富集。综合东巧地幔橄榄岩的矿物化学组成成分以及全岩的地球化学特征,认为东巧地幔橄榄岩形成于大洋中脊的扩张环境中,后受到洋内俯冲作用的影响,导致俯冲带之上高度部分熔融的地幔橄榄岩与流体/熔体发生相互作用。  相似文献   

Macro‐and Microstructural,Textural Fabrics and Deformation Mechanism of Calcite Mylonites from Xar Moron‐Changchun Dextral Shear Zone,Northeast China   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

LIANG Chenyue  LIU Yongjiang  ZHENG Changqing  LI Weimin  Franz NEUBAUER  ZHANG Qian 《《地质学报》英文版》2019,93(5):1477-1499

The calcite mylonites in the Xar Moron-Changchun shear zone show a significance dextral shearing characteristics. The asymmetric(σ-structure) calcite/quartz grains or aggregates, asymmetry of calcite c-axes fabric diagrams and the oblique foliation of recrystallized calcite grains correspond to a top-to-E shearing. Mineral deformation behaviors, twin morphology, C-axis EBSD fabrics, and quartz grain size-frequency diagrams demonstrate that the ductile shear zone was developed under conditions of greenschist facies, with the range of deformation temperatures from 200 to 300°C. These subgrains of host grains and surrounding recrystallized grains, strong undulose extinction, and slightly curved grain boundaries are probably results of intracrystalline deformation and dynamic recrystallization implying that the deformation took place within the dislocation-creep regime at shallow crustal levels. The calculated paleo-strain rates are between 10~(–7.87)s~(–1) and 10~(–11.49)s~(–1) with differential stresses of 32.63–63.94 MPa lying at the higher bound of typical strain rates in shear zones at crustal levels, and may indicate a relatively rapid deformation. The S-L-calcite tectonites have undergone a component of uplift which led to subhorizontal lifting in an already non-coaxial compressional deformation regime with a bulk pure shear-dominated general shear. This E-W large-scale dextral strike-slip movement is a consequence of the eastward extrusion of the Xing'an-Mongolian Orogenic Belt, and results from far-field forces associated with Late Triassic convergence domains after the final closure of the Paleo-Asian Ocean.  相似文献   

Crustal structure variation from the Precambrian to Palaeozoic platforms in Europe imaged by the inversion of teleseismic receiver functions—project TOR     

M. Wilde-Piórko  M. Grad  TOR Working Group 《Geophysical Journal International》2002,150(1):261-270

  相似文献   

西藏雅鲁藏布江缝合带西段东波蛇绿岩:记录了地幔柱影响的超慢速伸展和洋内俯冲过程     

刘飞  杨经绥  牛晓露  李观龙  冯光英 《岩石学报》2021,37(10):2971-2994

雅鲁藏布江缝合带西段出露东波和普兰等多个大型的超镁铁岩体，其成因还存在争议。为此我们近年来对东波蛇绿岩开展了地表填图并实施了一口1002m的科学钻探DSD-1。研究显示具有"厚幔极薄壳"特征的东波蛇绿岩记录了多期岩浆事件：（1）~137Ma的OIB型玄武岩和138~144Ma的OIB型辉绿岩和辉长岩，以及普遍出露熔融程度达30%以上的亏损型方辉橄榄岩，反映了早白垩世初期古洋盆受到地幔柱活动影响；（2）129Ma的薄壳均质辉长岩（I型）、128Ma的辉长岩脉（Ⅱ型）和科钻岩芯中厚18m辉绿岩（Ⅲ型）的地球化学成分均与西南印度洋洋脊玄武岩类似，它们是在慢速-超慢速扩张脊附近大洋核杂岩侵位过程中形成的；（3）地表辉绿岩脉（Ⅳ型）的SIMS和SHRIMP锆石U-Pb年龄为121~123Ma，全岩地球化学具有异常低的REE、HFSE含量及明显的Th、Nb、Zr、Hf负异常，类似于Albanide-Hellenide造山带蛇绿岩中的无壳源物质混染的中钛玄武岩，指示辉绿岩脉形成于洋内初始俯冲环境。总的来说，东波蛇绿岩记录了早白垩世地幔柱影响的超慢速扩张和初始洋内俯冲过程。  相似文献   

Lithospheric structure of the Trans-European Suture Zone along the TTZ–CEL03 seismic transect (from NW to SE Poland)     

Tomasz Janik  Marek Grad  Aleksander Guterch  Ryszard Dadlez  Jukka Yliniemi  Timo Tiira  G. Randy Keller  Edward Gaczy&#x;ski  CELEBRATION Working Group 《Tectonophysics》2005,411(1-4):129-156

The large-scale CELEBRATION 2000 seismic experiment investigated the velocity structure of the crust and upper mantle between western portion of the East European Craton (EEC) and the eastern Alps. This area comprises: the Trans-European Suture Zone, the Carpathian Mountains, the Pannonian Basin and the Bohemian Massif. This experiment included 147 chemical shots recorded by 1230 seismic stations during two deployments. Good quality data along 16 main and a few additional profiles were recorded. One of them, profile CEL03, was located in southeastern Poland and was laid out as a prolongation of the TTZ profile performed in 1993. This paper focuses on the joint interpretation of seismic data along the NW–SE trending TTZ–CEL03 transect, located in the central portion of the Trans-European Suture Zone. First arrivals and later phases of waves reflected/refracted in the crust and upper mantle were interpreted using two-dimensional tomographic inversion and ray-tracing techniques. This modelling established a 2-D (quasi 3-D) P-wave velocity lithospheric model. Four crustal units were identified along the transect. From northwest to southeast, thickness of the crust varies from 35 km in the Pomeranian Unit (NW) to 40 km in the Kuiavian Unit, to 50 km in the Radom–Łysogóry Unit and again to 43 km in the Narol Unit (SE). The first two units are thought to be proximal terranes detached from the EEC farther to the southeast and re-accreted to the edge of the EEC during the Early Palaeozoic. The origin of the remaining two units is a matter of dispute: they are either portions of the EEC or other proximal terranes. In the area of the Polish Basin (first two units), the P-wave velocity is very low (V_p < 6.1 km/s) down to depths of 15–20 km indicating that a very thick sedimentary and possibly volcanic rock sequence, whose lower portion may be metamorphosed, is present. The velocity beneath the Moho was found to be rather high, being 8.25 km/s in the northwestern portion of the transect, 8.4 km/s in the central sector, and 8.1 km/s in the southeastern sector.  相似文献   

The nature and location of the suture zone in the Rokelide orogen, Sierra Leone: Geochemical evidence     

Jennifer Lytwyn  Kevin Burke  Stephen Culver 《Journal of African Earth Sciences》2006,46(5):439-454

The boundaries of the West African Craton mark the location of a continuous suture zone that records Neoproterozoic to Early Cambrian oceanic closure. The western part of the circum-West African suture zone extends through the line of outcrop of the Mauritanide, Bassaride and Rokelide mountain belts. Our geochemical analyses are consistent with the idea that igneous and metamorphic rocks of the Rokelide and Southern Mauritanide mountain belts of West Africa occupy a suture zone that records the closing of a Neoproterozoic to Early Cambrian ocean basin during the Pan-African orogeny and final assembly of Gondwana. The closing of that basin was marked by the collision between Archean rocks of the Leo massif of the West African Craton and reactivated Archean and Paleoproterozoic rocks that now outcrop nearer to the coast of Africa in Sierra Leone and Liberia. Within the Rokelides, the geochemistry of the Kasewe Hills volcanic rocks and Marampa amphibolite indicate that remnants of an arc system are caught up in the suture zone. The geochemistry of Guingan schists that outcrop along strike of the Rokelides is compatible with the idea that the metamorphosed equivalents of the Marampa and Kasewe Hills arc volcanic rocks extend through the Bassarides and into the Southern Mauritanides.  相似文献   

Deep resistivity structure of the Trans-European Suture Zone in Central Poland     

P. Yu. Pushkarev  T. Ernst  J. Jankowski  W. Jozwiak  M. Lewandowski  K. Nowozynski  V. Yu. Semenov 《Geophysical Journal International》2007,169(3):926-940

The deep resistivity structure was estimated along a 400-km profile in central Poland crossing the Malopolska Massif (MM), the Lysogory Unit (LU), the Trans-European Suture Zone (TESZ) and ending at the East European Craton (EEC). Magnetotelluric transfer functions, corresponding to 20 sites, were supplemented by magnetovariational responses obtained at the geomagnetic observatories situated at the same tectonic units. Such a combination made it possible to extend the initial period range, which is from fractions of a second to several hours, up to months in order to reliably cover crustal and upper-mantle depths. The geoelectrical structures, revealed using 2-D inversions, do not contradict the known features of the lithosphere structure determined using seismic and gravity data along the profile.
The subsurface conductance, varying from approximately 10 Siemens at the inner part of the EEC to about 600 Siemens in the TESZ, is produced by sediments, the deep part of which contains conductive, highly mineralized water. The existence of two crustal conductive faults at the southwest and northeast of the TESZ were established mainly by the use of induction arrows. It was also revealed that rather high mantle conductivity beneath the MM, LU and TESZ at depths of about 150–200 km contrasts with the resistive upper mantle of the EEC. This can be interpreted as the decrease of asthenosphere conductance and/or as its submersion beneath the EEC. Generally, the results confirm the idea that the TESZ forms not only specific seismic boundaries but also causes peculiar conductivity anomalies in the crust and upper mantle.  相似文献